BP built its business on oil and gas. Now climate change is taking it apart.
clock With climate change bearing down on the planet and the novel coronavirus upending the fossil fuel business, one of the worlds biggest oil and gas companies on Tuesday mapped out how it plans to navigate the next decade by radically cutting back on its oil and gas business. The London-based BP said that it will transform itself by halting oil and gas exploration in new countries, slashing oil and gas production by 40 percent, lowering carbon emissions by about a third, and boosting capital spending on low-carbon energy tenfold to $5 billion a year. This makes the BP the first supermajor to spell out, in detail, what the energy transition will actually entail, in practical terms, said Pavel Molchanov, senior energy analyst for the investment firm Raymond James. While BP announced earlier this year its broad strategy shift to comply with the goals of the 2015 Paris climate accord, Tuesdays earnings report specifically laid out for investors how much and how soon this would change the company. BP had in February before the pandemic hit vowed to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, but the new details show major impacts on its business by 2030. We believe our new strategy provides a comprehensive and coherent approach to turn our net zero ambition into action, BP chief executive Bernard Looney said in a statement Tuesday. This coming decade is critical for the world in the fight against climate change, and to drive the necessary change in global energy systems will require action from everyone. The earnings briefing on Tuesday also revealed more of the change in mind-set at the company once known as British Petroleum that gobbled up big rivals such as Amoco and Standard Oil of Ohio to bolster its reserves. For investors, that means an immediate 50 percent cut in dividends, a significant hit for the British pension funds that rely heavily on BPs quarterly payments to shareholders. But it will arm the company with more cash as the business reacts to climate change. And on Tuesday, investors applauded; at 3 p.m., BPs shares jumped more than 7.8 percent, outpacing smaller gains among other oil companies. It is also an admission of how profound the change in the oil and gas business has been. A dozen years ago, ExxonMobil set new profit records and was the envy of the market. Now, the company is no longer in the top tier. Microsoft is worth nine times as much, and Johnson & Johnson is worth twice as much in market value. ExxonMobil, which supplies gasoline to automobiles, is worth $180 billion, not even two-thirds the market value of Tesla, the maker of electric vehicles. Ever since it discovered oil in Iran in 1908, BP has been among the worlds leading oil companies. Now it aims to be something different seeking to make an historic shift from being an IOC an international oil company to being an IEC an integrated energy company, Daniel Yergin, author of The Prize and The New Map, said in an email. It will still produce oil, but with an increasing focus on renewables, electricity, and new technologies. BP, one of the worlds biggest oil-and-gas companies, says it is turning over a green leaf This isnt the first time BP has put significant sums into renewable energy. After the oil crises of the 1970s, the company sought to diversify. It became a leading producer of solar panels before selling its money-losing operations. But times change, and BPs new tack is a striking response to todays very different politics, policies and technologies, Yergin said. One aspect of the change in BPs outlook is that it, like other big international oil and gas companies, has striven to keep its oil and gas reserves stable or even increase them. These reserves have been the heart of such companies. And BP has spent the past decade in a merciless reorganization to pay for damages from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico while hanging onto the companys best production assets. But now BP is changing again, and soon. Oil and gas production is set to flatline through 2025 and then decline by 2030, Molchanov said. Together with opportunistic asset sales, volumes in 2030 are expected to be 40 percent below 2019 levels. Investment in low-carbon initiatives is set to jump to more than $3 billion by 2025 and $5 billion by 2030, en route to 50 gigawatts of renewable generation capacity by 2030 alongside scale-up of other clean tech businesses, Molchanov added. The company plans to advise cities on power packages with renewables, back-up batteries and financing. And it also will build on its retail gasoline station chain to offer recharging to electric vehicles along with convenience items such as food. Other oil giants seem to be struggling to stand still. Reeling from the pandemic and the economic downturn, ExxonMobil and Chevron last week reported sharp drops in earnings; Exxon lost $1.1 billion and Chevron lost $8.3 billion in the second quarter. Production fell 7 percent at Exxon and 3 percent at Chevron. But unlike BP, they still plan to forge ahead much as they have since the late 1800s. In a call with investors, ExxonMobil highlighted its exploration and new production around the world, from Guyana to Abu Dhabi to the Permian Basin even as big oil and gas companies are writing down the value of their oil and gas reserves as demand and prices swoon. And ExxonMobil is defending its dividend despite price and production pressures. BP, which in the second quarter wrote down the value of its assets by $17.4 billion, is trying to get ahead of what climate change might force the industry to do anyway. Even the companys critics have issued praise. BP is the first oil major that walks the walk instead of just offering ambitions for 2050, like its peers, responds Mark van Baal of Follow This, a group of green shareholders that supports oil majors to commit to the Paris climate agreement with shareholder resolutions. Van Baal said, BP shows a sense of urgency and imagination beyond oil and gas.